Symbolism In Teh Kite Runner And Lord Of The Flies

Think about how politics, hope, and evil are represented in daily life? We tend to delve into loads of novels, Every. Single. Day. But we never stop to think that the ideas presented in the book apply to us. It’s not just a fantasy. Novels talk about humanity, sometimes we just need to pause and receive the message that the author is trying to convey us in their literature. We are going to analyze two books, The Kite runner and lord of the flies. Khaled Hosseini, in Teh Kite Runner, and William Golding, in Lord of the Flies, Bothe use symbols in their narratives to represent broader ideas like politics, Hope and Evil, but the interpretation pf these presented ideas is varied. Both Khaled Hosseini and William Golding use a symbol to†¦show more content†¦He points out how people accepted the circumstances as their fate and didn’t fight because they felt their place was below the Taliban. â€Å" I wondered briefly what it must be like to live with such an ingrained sense of one’s place in a hierarchy.† (Hosseini 42) The ingrained sense of fear and one’s place in hierarchy forbid the Afghans to stand up and speak up. Furthermore, Hosseini and Golding explored the topic of Hope in their narratives. Golding used the signal fire as the symbol of hope for the boys. Keeping the fire going was the sole purpose of the boys before savagery took over. â€Å"The fire is the most important thing on the island. How can we ever be rescued except by luck, if we don’t keep a fire going? Is a fire too much for us to make? Look at us! How many are we? And yet we can’t keep a fire going to make smoke. Don’t you understand? Can’t you see we ought to-- ought to die before we let the fire out?† ( Golding 81) As the fire faded so did the civilized rule. If we observe throughout the book, the signal fire acted as a parallel to civilization and knowledge. â€Å"The fire’s the most important thing. Without the fire we can’t be rescued. I’d like to put war-paint on and be a savage. But we must keep the fire burning. The fire’s the most important thing on the island, because, --’ He paused again and the silence became full of doubt and wonder. Piggy whispered urgently ‘Rescue’ (Golding 125). In the beginning when they had

The Anthropology Of Iraq The Land Of Two Rivers

The Anthropology of Iraq The land of two rivers, Iraq, has a fascinating culture that has been misinterpreted by the present turmoil. According to Elizabeth Pietanza, â€Å"Iraq has many different names associated with it including the land of two rivers, Mesopotamia, the Fertile Crescent named because of the two rivers that flow through Iraq including the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It is termed the Fertile Crescent because of the ample amount of agriculture that takes place around the rivers† (Pietanza 2001:1078). Iraq has been divided amongst many types of people including Armenian, Kurdish, Sunni, Shia, and Chaldean, but each possess a sense of nationality and love for the country they were born in. The very country that is seen on the news as being fragmented, is actually intertwined by the common language of Standard Modern Arabic and how there are different group of people who speak different languages, the kind hearted gestures, and gender equality for females. Arabic is an interesting langua ge because it is different from region to region. Elizabeth Pietanza states, there are â€Å"three different forms: classical, modern standard, and spoken† (Pietanza 2001:1078). The Classical form of Arabic is based on the Islamic religious book, the Quran. Most children living in Middle Eastern countries are taught to read and write using the Modern Standard form of Arabic, however the spoken language is different from country to country. Iraqi spoken language is different from theShow MoreRelatedThe Significance of Agriculture in Early Human Civilization1500 Words   |  6 Pagesagriculture among early humans with specific regard to the rise of Mesopotamian city-states and the ancient Egyptian nation state. These two early societies provide poignant examples of the profound influence of agriculture. 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Articles on Nursing Issue in Canada-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Focus on current issue in nursing Canada, examine this issue with three kind of media. Answer: Introduction: Canada is one of the developed countries facing challenges due to shortage of nurses. The registered nurse position comprise one of the job postings from different job position however severe talent gap and low level of education among nurses is a reason for inability to meet high demands in health care setting (MacLean et al., 2014). Considering the rise in ageing population, the demand for nurses in Canada is rising and there is need to explore in-depth regarding the reason for such shortage of nursing staff. The main thesis statement for this report is critical review of nursing shortage issue in Canada. This discussion has been presented by review of three articles on the topic and finding out important information covered on the topic. It also compares and contrast each article to find out credibility of author and articulate own position on the article. Analysis of articles on nursing issue in Canada: Summary of articles: Media source: The news posted on The Huffington Post Canada presented the issue of nursing shortage in Canada, however the news affirmed that other countries have the worse statistics in terms of nursing workforce shortage. Finding skilful and talented nurses for the Canadian health care system has become a tough and challenging work. The author warned about the seriousness of the issue by estimation that shortage of nurse could be about 60, 000 by 2022. This news article also gave idea about the reason for nursing shortage by means of discussion on no guarantee of a job in nursing service, strict spending measure of government, cutback and cost cut by government and high stress in the job. Hence, by reviewing the news articles, the factors contributing to the issue can be understood. The issue of stress in the nursing job is relevant because in the situation of workforce shortage, burnout and dissatisfaction with the job will become common issues in Canada. The news article gave useful recommenda tions to attract more number of people in the nursing profession (Tencer, 2017). Scholarly source: The research study by Chachula, Myrick Yonge, (2015) is also a research work in response to the nursing shortage in Canada. It used nursing shortage issue and likelihood of nurses changing their profession within two years as a background to frame research question. Hence, the main aim of the research was to examine the basic psychological process involved in newly-graduate RNs in Western Canada to exit the nursing profession within five years. The Glaserian grounded theory was the theoretical framework used in the study. The author used semi-structured interview method to collect data from nurses and the audio was recorded and transcribed verbatim for data analysis. Open and selective coding strategies were employed to categorize study findings into different themes. The study result gave rise to several themes related to reason for RNs to change the nursing profession. These themes included constraints of the health care system and workplace, experiencing fear, stress and challenges, negotiating social relationship and comparing rewards and tensions. Hence, these gave insight into challenges faced by RN in adapting to workload and coping with the reactivity of the health care system. Working constantly day and night without any break was the reason for dampening spirit in nurses (Chachula, Myrick Yonge, 2015). Hence, the study had important implication for educational setting, workplace setting and policy makers so that they evaluate RNs experience and create a healthy work environment to retain nurses in Canada. Web site source: The web site article by Goveia, (2017) gave insight about the challenges faced by nurses at Saint Elizabeth Health care in managing too many task in limited time. Through the review of struggle faced by nurse at the hospital, the article presented the impact of nursing workload issue in Canada. The manager at Ontario based home care organization asked the nurse to take photos of things that hindered their work. The website article gave detail about the images captured by nurses. The pictures showed nurses skipping their breaks, being worried about safety of patient and less engagement with senior management. The survey result was further evaluated by Canadian Healthcare Manager after hosting a round table discussion. The survey was successful in presenting the big picture, which was few staffs and large number of patients in hospital. The article also accepted nursing as a demanding job where their role should be appreciated. However, the survey showed very administrator appreciating the role of nurse. It also revealed that managers were not aware about time crunch issue of nurses thus indicating that nurses are not claiming their overtime. The article mainly suggested shifting to the electronic health record to address nursing workload issue in Canada. Critical analysis of three articles: By the review of three different types of article covering the topic of nursing shortage in Canada, one can understand the difference in documentation process of authors. However, while analyzing the article, the first difference found in there sources is the credibility of authors. The credibility of authors can be evaluated by their education, research interest and their past research work. The citation of authors name in other sources or bibliography is also reflective of the credibility. Hence, among popular media article, journal article and the website article, Chachula, Myrick Yonge, (2015) are the most credible authors. This can be said because Kathryn Michelle Chachula is main author of the work and has qualification in the master of nursing. Her research is also centered around teaching and learning in nursing education, simulated learning environment and transition experience of newly place nurses and RN entering the workforce (Brandon University 2017). Hence, from her re search interest, the credibility of the work is understood. In contrast, Goveia, (2017) and (Tencer, 2017) are not credible authors because they are reporters and have no formal education or research experience in the field of Nursing. Hence, without any research done with target subjects, their work cannot be considered a credible source. Although Goveia, (2017) covered the nursing workload topic, however it only summarized the result of a survey and did not research on the topic on his own. Documentation is also an important area in articles. Vast difference is seen in online articles and journal articles in terms of documentation. For instance, in case of Chachula, Myrick Yonge, (2015), the presentation and documentation of work is completely different because it is based on a research work in real setting. Hence, research articles are always presented in the form of clear headings like introduction and background, literature review, study design, methodology, result and conclusion. Such documentation by Chachula, Myrick Yonge, (2015) clearly gave idea behind the main intention for work and reason behind high rate of exit from nursing profession in Canada. Moreover, the authors work and claim was supported by relevant research work to enhance the validity of the content. In contrast, the documentation and presentation style found in Huffington post article and website source is in the form of news reporting with dates and presentation of information in subsequent par agraphs. However, the information provided by Goveia, (2017) and Tencer, (2017) had no reference or citation which one could refer to validate the findings. While reviewing the three article reporting about nursing shortage issue in Canada, the most critical aspect is to determine whether all the authors presents same fact or disagreement exist between authors. In case of the news article, the main point was that gap in nursing talent and supply of nursing workforce was due to poor security in the job, restrictive regulatory measures, high stress and poor working conditions for nurses (Tencer, 2017). However, his argument is also in agreement with Goveia, (2017) claim as it gave insight into the poor working condition of nurse by giving details about the snapshot captured by nurses. Hence, the factors behind nursing shortage in Canada were understood from the two articles. These two articles were very brief in their information, however key concepts and ideas could be understood. On the other hand, the research work by Chachula, Myrick Yonge, (2015) is a large piece of work with too many information related to psychology behind nurses e xiting the nursing profession. This research gave a contrasting view point regarding the reason for exit of nurse which was not extensively covered in other two sources. It showed that overall environment around nurse such as rewards, motivation, support from colleague, work pressure and level of support determines nurses strategy to leave. Hence, the journal article is useful piece of evidence as gave direction to adapt policy and health care models in Canada that makes work environment favorable for nurses to practice with full abilities. Conclusion: My personal opinion regarding the three sources covering nursing shortage issue in Canada is that all have been successful in giving some insight into the methods by which the health care system of Canada can address nursing shortage issue. However, personally I find the journal article most useful as it explore in-depth all factors that forces nurses to leave the job. I agree with the point that providing favorable work environment is necessary to attract and retain more nurses in the profession. Evidence also supports the fact that hospital work environment influence job satisfaction and intention to leave and improving work environment is an effective strategy for better nurse outcome (Zhang et al., 2014). My professional work value of patient safety and my personal value of compassion for human being influences my opinion regarding focusing on changing work environment of nurses. I feel so because a positive work environment will be a motivating factor for nurses to demonstrate b etter competency and seriousness in maintaining safety of patient. Giving ideal work environment will improve nursing supply as well as quality of care delivered in Canada References Brandon University (2017). Kathryn Chachula | Faculty of Health Studies. Brandonu.ca. Retrieved 12 December 2017, from https://www.brandonu.ca/health-studies/faculty-and-staff/chachula/ Chachula, K. M., Myrick, F., Yonge, O. (2015). Letting go: how newly graduated registered nurses in Western Canada decide to exit the nursing profession.Nurse education today,35(7), 912-918. Goveia, T. (2017).Comparing Notes on Workload, Patient Care and the Use of IT | Canadian Nurse.Canadian-nurse.com. Retrieved 20 December 2017, from https://www.canadian-nurse.com/articles/issues/2009/april-2009/comparing-notes-on-workload-patient-care-and-the-use-of-it MacLean, L., Hassmiller, S., Shaffer, F., Rohrbaugh, K., Collier, T., Fairman, J. (2014). Scale, causes, and implications of the primary care nursing shortage.Annual Review of Public Health,35, 443-457. Tencer, D. (2017).Canada Suffering Nurse Shortage, Though Other Countries Have It Worse: Indeed.com.HuffPost Canada. Retrieved 12 December 2017, from https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2016/05/30/nurse-shortage-canada_n_10208080.html Zhang, L. F., You, L. M., Liu, K., Zheng, J., Fang, J. B., Lu, M. M., ... Wu, X. (2014). The association of Chinese hospital work environment with nurse burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave.Nursing outlook,62(2), 128-137.

Running Head DURATION OF ICON Essays - Mental Processes, Memory

Running head: DURATION OF ICON How Much Information Will an Individual Store in His or Her Iconic Memory? Evelyn Delgado Queens College/ CUNY How much information will an individual store in his or her iconic memory? In a given time, individuals are able to perceive more information than they can verbally encode. This is the process by which a visual stimulus is transformed to neurons to enable the brain to store information in the immediate memory. The rate of transfer is how fast an individual can encode something in a given time, which is stored in the immediate or short-term memory. It is stated that visual input can be stored in some medium, that later will be recalled. When the duration of the stimulus is limited, information is not properly encoded from a stimulus to a verbal code and it is lost from immediate memory. This is a cognitive process. The term "icon" was introduced by Neisser (1967) to refer to the brief persistence of information from a visual display after the "display" is no longer present. Early experimenters, such as Erdman and Dodge (1898), had been concerned with this phenomenon and asked how much information could be acquired at a single fixation reading. The typical finding from briefly presenting a set of letters and having the subjects report as many letters as possible (full-report) was that the perceptual span was 4 to 5 letters. In replicating Sperling's experiment we hope to see why iconic memory as well as duration recall is limited. He has shown that the duration of an icon has to do with the ability of an individual to encode the visual information. One limitation to the study of the icon is, its very brief duration. As individuals begin reporting the contents of the icon, it is already disappearing. Sperling invented the partial-report technique to overcome this difficulty. His third experiment is being replicated to understand the problem at hand. He used manipulations to control the rate at which information is verbally coded as well as the span of apprehension (memory). Consequently increasing the ability of subjects to report more of the information available to them. Sperling's test presented a 3 x 3 matrix of letters, flashed for 50 milli-seconds (msec.). Instead of using the full-report method of previous studies (report as much as you can of the whole display), he used a new partial-report method. In his within subjects study, participants saw the display of letters, and then heard a tone that was high-pitched, medium-pitched or low-pitched. The high-pitched tone indicated to report the top line of the display. The medium tone indicated to report the middle line of the display. The low tone indicated to report the bottom line of the display. According to Sperling's research, individuals were able to report 80% of the letters on a line, if the tone was sounded just before the letters were presented. That drops only slightly, to about 75% when the tone immediately follows the letters. Sperling's experiment showed that the limit in report of letters from a brief visual display was due to a rapid decay of the icon. The longer the icon or stimulus is present the more information one can encode and therefore recall. Limited duration recall is due to the rate of decay of the icon. The longer an individual waits to recall a given stimulus the less he or she can recall. When knowing the duration and the capacity of the visual sensory register one can, to a point, determine if the subject have a better chance of remembering certain in formation of any visual stimulus. Method Participants Sixteen Experimental Psychology students from Queens College participated in the experiment to meet a course requirement. The mean age was 22.61 years with a standard deviation of 2.89. The mean years of education were 15.44 with a standard deviation of 0.98. Material & Apparatus The experiment was conducted with 16 MEL Lab manuals as well as formatted 3.5" disks MEL Lab. The experiments were run in MS-DOS mode; on 16 different IBM compatible computers with Microsoft Windows 95 program that are kept in the Psychology laboratory at Queens College. Experimental Design The independent variable was the delay of instruction tone. The delay occurred in three intervals or levels of